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Manitoulin Island (originally Ekaentouton) is a Canadian lake island in Lake Huron, in the province of Ontario. It is the largest freshwater lake island in the world. In addition to the historic Anishinaabe and European settlement of the island, archeological discoveries at Sheguiandah have demonstrated Paleo-Indian and Archaic cultures dating from 10,000 BC to 2000 BC.〔(Lee, Thomas E. (1954). "The First Sheguiandah Expedition, Manitoulin Island, Ontario" ), ''American Antiquity'' 20:2, p. 101, accessed 13 Apr 2010〕 The name of the island is the English version, via French, of the old Odawa name "Manidoowaaling", which means "cave of the spirit", named for an underwater cave where a powerful spirit dwells. By the 19th century the Odawa "l" was pronounced as "n". The same word with a newer pronunciation is used for the town Manitowaning (19th century Odawa "Manidoowaaning"), which is located on Manitoulin Island near the underwater cave where legend has it that the spirit dwells. The modern Odawa name for Manitoulin Island is Mnidoo Mnis (Spirit Island). Manitoulin Island contains a number of lakes of its own. In order of size, its three most prominent lakes are Lake Manitou, Lake Kagawong and Lake Mindemoya. Each of these three lakes in turn have islands within them, the largest of these being Lake Mindemoya's 82-acre Treasure Island, located in the centre of Manitoulin. It is the administrative office of the Sheshegwaning First Nations band government.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Sheshegwaning First Nation )〕 ==Geography and geology== The island has an area of , making it the 172nd largest island in the world and Canada's 31st largest island. The island separates the larger part of Lake Huron to its south and west from Georgian Bay to its east and the North Channel to the north. Manitoulin Island itself has 108 freshwater lakes, some of which have their own islands; in turn several of these "islands within islands" have their own ponds. Lake Manitou (about 104 km2 - 40.5 sq. mi.) is the largest lake in a freshwater island in the world,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.elbruz.org/islands/Islands%20and%20Lakes.htm )〕 and Treasure Island in Lake Mindemoya is the largest island in a lake on an island in a lake in the world.〔 Nameless Lake is the island's only no-motor lake. The island also has four major rivers: the Kagawong, Manitou River, Blue Jay Creek in Michael's Bay and Mindemoya Rivers, which provide spawning grounds for salmon and trout. The Manitoulin Streams Improvement Association was formed in 2000 and incorporated in 2007. The organization rehabilitates streams, rivers and creeks on Manitoulin Island for the sake of water quality and the fisheries resource. The Manitoulin Streams Improvement Association has conducted enhancement strategies for the Manitou River and Blue Jay Creek. The association has rehabilitated 17 major sites on the Manitou River and three major sites on Blue Jay Creek and have completed work on Bass Lake Creek and Norton's Creek. The organization plans to start work on the Mindemoya River in 2010. Although culturally and politically considered part of Northern Ontario, the island is physiographically part of Southern Ontario, an "eastward extension of the Interior Plains, a region characterized by low relief and sedimentary underpinnings". The island consists mainly of dolomite as it is a continuation of the Bruce Peninsula and Niagara Escarpment. This geological rock formation runs south into Niagara Falls and continues into New York. The "Cup and Saucer Trail", which climbs the escarpment, provides a spectacular lookout over the island. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Manitoulin Island」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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